Microsurgical Developments PVC-Rat is developed to master skills in microsurgery.

The Microsurgical Developments PVC-Rat is an example of the replacement of living animals.  Using the model during training of scientists and animal technicians, the number of live-animals needed, will be reduced drastically. 

It gives the possibility of training approximately 25 different microsurgical techniques (i.e. anastomoses, cannulations, transplantations of vessels and organs).

The MD PVC-Rat can be used for training advanced microsurgical and various experimental techniques.  By using this non-animal training device one is able to drastically reduce the number of animals needed.  The MD PVC-Rat was developed in the light of Replacement, Reduction and Refinement
of animal-based experiments by the Microsurgical Developments Foundation. 
 

The MD-PVC-Rat comes in a carrying case, together with a video-user-guide, several spare parts and the computer simulation program "Remote" an interactive "patient-monitoring-system", which can be used in combination with the MD-PVC Rat.  The software runs on a computer-system with Windows-95 or higher as operating system.  One can train the skills needed for patient monitoring during several (micro-) surgical techniques.  During surgery, anesthesia can be administered; the animals’ temperature and breathing can be observed and controlled.  When the exercise is finished, the software generates a full report, showing every event and status.

Techniques

Anastomosis - The MD PVC-RAT gives the possibility of training several anastomose-techniques in situ:
 

	End-to-end
	End-to-side
	Side-to-side

Cannulations - The MD PVC-RAT gives the possibility of training several cannulation techniques. As described in the Manual of Microsurgery on the Laboratory Rat, one can practice the cannulation of:

	Jugular vein
	Portal vein
	Renal vein
	Iliolumbar artery
	Thoracic duct
	Double bile fistula

In the Portal vein of the MD PVC-RAT one can practice the Porta Caval Shunt techniques, e.g. the button technique (acc. to Funovics) or the suture technique (acc. to Lee and Fisher).

Transplantations - The following transplantation techniques can be practiced in the MD PVC- Rat:

	Heart
	Kidney
	Blood vessels
	Prostheses

Most basic skills and experimental techniques are described in the Manual of Microsurgery on the Laboratory Rat.
 

Model	Dimension	Price
MD-PVC-MODEL	MD PVC-Rat Model	$520.00/Each
MD-PVC-PARTS	MD PVC-Rat Model Spare Parts	$50.00/Each
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Several cannulation and experimental techniques are explained in great detail in the
"Manual of Microsurgey" book.  A series of ten videotapes can also be acquired through Braintree Scientific, Inc.  

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KOKEN Rat  
Experiment Techniques Training Model

Rat model for use in the training of animal testing techniques.  When various experimental procedures are conducted using laboratory animals, it is important to restrain the animal properly and to develop techniques that will meet the necessary experimental objectives. 

Concern is great when an inexperienced laboratory animal handler holds a rat for the first time.  There is a chance that the handler will be bitten or accidentally drop the animal.  Therefore, KOKEN has developed the KOKEN Rat as a training tool.  The beginner can learn the techniques of proper holding, peroral feeding, tail vein injection and blood collection, and endotracheal intubations.

Characteristics
 

	The pharynx, larynx, trachea, stomach, and the tail vein are anatomically correct and replicated inside the model of the rat.
	To achieve a texture similar to that of a live rat, original silicone and soft vinyl chloride are used.
	When placed in position, the posture is the same as that of a live rat.
	The dosage in the stomach can be confirmed because part of the abdomen is transparent.
	The insertion of a needle into the tail vein can be confirmed by the reflux of the imitation blood.

Techniques

	Retention
	Peroral dosage
	Tail intravenous dosage & blood collection
	Endotracheal intubation

Model	Dimension	Price
KOKEN-MODEL	KOKEN Rat Model	$525.00/Each
KOKEN-TAIL	Replacement Tail for KOKEN Rat	$80.00/Each
KOKEN-BLOOD	Replacement Blood for KOKEN Rat	$50.00/Each